Totally off the top of my head, but I'm pretty sure Wolfenstein 3D was real mode, because I remember reading that Rise of the Triad was based on the Wolfenstein engine and one of the changes involved converting it to protected mode.
I'm probably confusing it with DOOM, which definitely did use a DOS extender (Watcom 4GW).
Exactly. I had a 286 for a long time and then jumped to a Pentium. In between that period I missed a lot of games which would only run on >386 especially Doom. I played a lot of Wolfenstein. My first walkthru was with one life and lots of lots of saving and reloading, because I didn't realize you could press m to use a medipack, HAHAHA dang!