Worth noting that seventy years ago we had 1.5L V16 F1 engines producing 600HP
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Racing_Motors_V16
They weren't the most reliable things though....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Racing_Motors_V16
They weren't the most reliable things though....
That was done with absurd levels of boost, fuel that bore little to no chemical resemblance to gasoline, and engines with a life expectancy (in qualifying trim) measured in single-digit laps.
The advances in modern engines' efficiency and reliability are staggering.