Apparently community colleges and Ivy League schools, and nothing else, I would assume from the Harvard/Yale reference.
The lead example, Colby-Sawyer, seems to be “non-elite” only in that traditional evaluations of elite status rely largely on graduate/research programs, and its a baccalaureate-only institution, and apparently one of the better (despite being small) undergraduate institutions in the region.
> Does it serve the public good for them to be eligible for federal student loans?
Federal student loans shouldn’t exist, but make no less sense at schools like Colby-Sawyer than any others.
> Tuition at our local community college is $4,000 a year.
Comnunity colleges generally do not have baccalaureate degrees, and do not substitute for schools that do any more than those schools substitute for graduate schools.
> Why divert public resources supporting these extraneous colleges?
Because they aren’t extraneous.
> It seems like expensive cargo culting to send all these ordinary students to expensive universities that ape the blue blood trappings of Harvard and Yale.
Colby-Sawyer very much does not ape the trappings of Harvard and Yale, and one of the draws of schools like it is that the focus is on undergraduate education, not graduate research with undergraduate programs as an afterthought among faculty duties.
(OTOH, that list makes it pretty clear what makes it something a community college won’t substitute for, since those are mostly bachelor’s programs, plus a professional masters; with the few associate’s programs in health sciences being the only thing that most community colleges might be able to provide, even before considering qualitative differences.)
Even this is changing - many of our community colleges in Washington state now offer a BA, especially designed for non-trad students who are returning to the classroom and/ or need a more flexible schedule.