https://www.atf.gov/firearms/firearms-guides-importation-ver...
> Any type of weapon by whatever name known which will, or which may readily be converted to expel a projectile, by the action of an explosive or other propellant, the barrel or barrels of which have a bore greater than one-half inch in diameter.
Hmm, guess that would technically cover potato canons? Though the exemptions include
> a device which is neither designed nor redesigned for use as a weapon
:shrug: