> Scalia really put the historical scholarship work in on that one
I'm afraid not, and not by a mile. He based his decision on his unfounded and unsupportable belief that most Americans believed that self-defense was inclusive to the 2nd, based on nothing but what he thought, and he was wrong, because most Americans are not idiots, but even if he was right (which he definitely was not), the Supreme Court is not and not supposed to be a democratic institution swayed by the whims of alleged popular opinion.
In considering the 2nd Amendment, the Framers debated self-defense and intentionally left it out of the Amendment. Scalia knew this, being a strict Constitutionalist, probably personally reviewed the minutes of the Constitutional Congresses where it is very clear the Framers did not want self-defense inclusive to the 2nd. They did not want an armed citizenry. The 2nd only concerns militia and tyranny. The proper exercise of the 2nd looks exactly like Black Panthers surrounding the Alameda County Courthouse in Oakland, California in 1968. It does not look anything like Florida (and elsewhere) Stand Your Ground nonsense, nor Texans shooting kids in the back.
What Scalia did was criminal, bastardizing the 2nd, changing it from a selfless right to stand against tyranny into a selfish right to protect self and property. Self-defense is far more fundamental than the Bill of Rights and is superfluous there. If the right of self-defense comes from any document, it would be one far, far older than the Constitution. But it's really a natural right, older than writing, older than language. Self-defense transcends our species and is a right of all living things. The Bill of Rights does not give us rights we already have and have had since long before we even evolved into humans.
And self-defense was completely skew and unrelated to the issues of DC v. Heller. That portion of DC v. Heller will be struck down, eventually, as soon as its challenged under a balanced court, because Scalia stepped way, way beyond the bounds of the mandate of the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution, instead literally adding meaning that was never there before, sidestepping the legal methods of amending the Constitution aka 2/3rds majority of both houses of Congress or state legislatures.
Scalia vandalized, gutted and diluted the 2nd Amendment. Prior to 2008, the 2nd was noble and great. After DC v Heller, it is worthless. DC v. Heller is just another assault on the Constitution, just like the suspensions of habeas and the 5th Amendment.
Gun owners don't need the 2nd Amendment. Hunters never did. The 10th Amendment was always where (nearly all) gun owners' gun rights derived and still do, through legislation by the States, as the Framers intended, abiding by the first 3 words of the 2nd Amendment, put right up front to underscore their importance, and that every gun owner loves to ignore or lie about their clear and literal meaning. The 2nd limits itself and allows the 10th to legally cement what has become a dirty word: regulation. "Shall not be infringed" was placed last, making it less important than and subject to regulation. And commas are important, and it is easier to understand the 2nd removing the clauses between them:
A well-regulated Militia shall not be infringed.
The "right of the people to keep and bear Arms"
is "a well-regulated Militia and necessary to the security of a free State." Before Heller, and after that portion is struck down when the Court is inevitably balanced again, no personal right to bear arms existed nor will exist, respectively, except what the States grant under the 10th Amendment.