Nearly half of all shootings are within 5 feet, you’re reaching.
When I did my conscript service, we were encouraged to hit target 300m away, and generally people learn to do this quite fast (with a high quality AK-47 copy in this instance). Learning to hit a target with this engagement distance is infinitely easier with rifle than bow, especially if you need to train riflemen en masse.
Descriptive is that english longbowmen had to practice continusously. I would probably hit a target with a rifle two decades after my service without much firing range practice.
Automated rifle has enabled industrialized utilization of civil population as easily trained effective combatants like nothing else.
I was under the impression the draw weight[1] was a large part of that[2].
Finland has a pretty good conscript army even according to the professional Nato troops who train with them, so I would not discount effectiveness of conscript armies out of hand. Of course, it's the quality of training that matters, and that may be harder to institute on a national scale unless there is a long continous tradition of doing that.
Also to my understanding current Ukrainian army is holding it's own with a mostly conscript force (unless I'm mistaken) against a professional army (yes, on paper...).