You are trying to put a racist spin on something that is simply a matter of time and circumstances: You cannot instantly, just by declaring it to be so, have technology, infrastructure, efficient agriculture. You need to start where you are and continuously improve the status quo in your country. That takes time. How much depends on things like corruption, means, climate, openness for change, local resources and topography. And of course there can be setbacks, e.g. if the aforementioned circumstances change. TFA has some nice graphs on that, where you can e.g. see the almost parallel development of USA, Germany and South Korea, just with different starting points in time. Otoh, there is another graph, where cirumstances changed for the worse, taking development down again.
Do you think culture plays any role at all in the relative success one nation or group of people has vs another?
Sure, but I also think that's part of the system.
"the system"
There are countless systems, the world over. At some point one must accept the data.
I was referring to the system in "you can’t possibly create a system"