Similar communities have people who use the internet, some of the Amish do (Hasidim would be another). But they do so recognising that it is dangerous. Not coincidentally, many people in these communities don't have TVs either.

Accepting the idea that you should only be concerned with things that directly concern you is, unfortunately, something that is very hard to learn. The reason it is easier for people in these communities is that they are already isolated. It isn't the internet, it is people (the Amish also have internet support groups...that would be very effective, but the internet has also atomized us).

Just personally, I am with you 100% though. I am not even someone who uses my phone very much, I grew up after the real brain-rot of the internet...but it has filled a gap in my life so it is very hard to shift (again, not the internet's fault...it is mine), and work out where the line should be. I also studied politics/economic history, try as I might I can't stop myself being interested with things that really aren't any of my business...it is a real problem (Reddit is the worst for me, I have moved off all the worst subreddits but I still have a bad habit...what makes it so hard is that it is useful too, if I need a question answered it is my first call).

Whoever works out a way to really solve internet addiction will be a very rich man/woman. It will be one of the biggest issues in the life of any kid who was born after 2000 onwards. I was born much earlier, have avoided the brainrot and it is still a massive issue in my life.