In reality I suspect it's quite hard to have high levels of guilt and be a leader. At least recognising one's mistakes and taking responsibility for them is something that doesn't tend to be rewarded in the corporate world. It's probably better to have low guilt and be better at reframing mistakes as small set backs. To not do this risks looking incapable.
But anyway, good social skills and extraversion seems to be by far the most important traits for leadership positions. You also need to have a elevated self-confidence in your own opinions, at least this is true within a lot of corporate environments.
But I guess I never really understood the leadership thing. I think it would be better to replace the whole concept of "leaders" and replace them with "orchestrators" of teams. Good "leadership" decisions in my opinion are really about good delegation and organisation of a team's resources, you shouldn't really be taking "lead" in any actual decision making, you should just "lead" the orchestration. Decision making should be done by the most equipped individuals of a team. Leadership goes wrong when a leader makes too many decisions, it doesn't really matter if they feel guilty for making a bad decision if they shouldn't have made them in the first place.