Of all the criteria to evaluate someone by, "the label their parents gave them when they were born, which they had zero choice over" is pretty a silly one.
(edit: and more to the point, a lot of common English names tie back to conservative bible types, but it's just so commonplace we don't think twice about it... the same with the Mohammeds and Jesuses of their cultures, they only look foreign when they're in our context)
But to be fair I have met way more Muslims than I have met Christians so I am not as sure about it, but Mohammed is for sure a religious name meaning they had religious parents.
That might hold true for first names (even though I am not entirely sure), but when it comes to last names, it is a complete crapshoot.
I changed my last name when I was 14 (entirely for unrelated reasons), but the old one I had contained a form of "Mohammed" in it. Without giving it away, I will just say that some popular MMA fighters these days have different forms of the same last name as mine used to be.
My mom's side of the family is religious, but they are eastern orthodox christian. My dad's side (from which I inherited my old last name) is entirely atheist, but it just so happened that at some point in time about 4-5 generations ago, there were ancestors on his side who were religious muslims.
And given that in my old country the last names of children are always automatically taken from the father (barring rare exceptions), it ended up propagating 4-5 generations down with no actually religious people in the loop at all. What makes it even more bizarre to people irl who know this is that my dad has that "blond hair blue eyes" look.
Or how well they work with people from different religious backgrounds because they know what it's like to be discriminated against at a glance, or how they avoid religious political and religious discussions at work because it triggers WASP-y types when all they really want to do is escape oppression in their home country and feed their family without bothering anyone, or maybe, you know, they're just reasonable enough to understand that religions are deeply personal and subjective things that no two large groups of people will ever entirely agree on anywhere, and so choose to show tolerance even where there are disagreements.
For sure there are evil wife-beating, woman-hating Muslims out there... just the same way there are evil wife-beating, woman-hating Christians out there. And maybe some sects of Islam haven't had the same humanist interventions that modern western Protestants have seen, the same way there are conservative Jewish or Buddhist sects just the same as there are gay-loving, trans-affirming Catholic sects. The point is, you can't really know all of that just by looking at someone's given name. They didn't earn it, they didn't choose it, they may or may not have lived up their parents' expectations of it.
It's one thing if you look at their CV and see they went to a theology school and all their previous employers were religious institutions. It's another thing to just assume ahead of time that this person is different -- and not only different, but inherently incompatible (even unredeemable) -- just because of their name. Give people a chance, man...
Explaining why racism and bias can be rational doesn't mean that I condone racism or bias. Its similar to how companies avoid women who are around 30 because they are likely to get pregnant, that is rational but still isn't something we should celebrate or condone.
Also, I don't see how this behavior can be viewed as rational since we're talking about a research institution here that's supposed to be concerned with scientific excellence hiring the best regardless of their background, and not some road trip with your buddies where you get to pick and choose who will be invited to join you.
I see no rationality in this behavior at all, just outright bias and discrimination.