We used online MFA (you had to respond to MFA requests on your phone). Not even sure why this is a discussion as the hacker confirmed it was a case of social engineering. No MFA protects against social engineering (no, not even ____ - don't try to convince me).
And yes, at least when I was there, there was pretty good training on SE deterrence.
Further, OneLogin was used, Yubikeys were phased out early on. I'd be surprised if they had brought them back, as I remember the security team being somewhat averse to them. I'm sure OneLogin is also investigating.
The security team at Uber was quite good. Constantly under stress. Constantly overworked. The last thing they need are knowitalls speculating about how stupid they are on HN. Cut them some slack - this could happen to any company (yes, it could, even yours - don't try to convince me otherwise).