In what way is it more "secure"?

How is India's system any less secure?

I think the thing is, because the system in the US was developed much earlier, it might have become more difficult to switch over to newer technology. Leapfrogging [1].

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leapfrogging

Its really less secure. There is no seperation between identity and authentication so stealing a cc number would be enough to complete a transaction whereas a UPI Id won't help you much to steal money.

This is why you need to depend on nasty solutions like chargeback