The tower isn't central. That picture is not of the entire villa.
Here's a video that shows more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGpdirRWJMA I recommend watching with sound off.
Here's a video that shows more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGpdirRWJMA I recommend watching with sound off.
Oh and this is another thing they brought to bear on cities unwilling to bend to the Roman boot (or Sandal):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballista
and even more here:
The Trebuchet is plenty old enough, but we don't have evidence of use by Rome.
On the other hand, Roman architecture was such that they did not need very thick stone walls to support high buildings.