> that fact is obvious from their absence.
Yes, but absence from what? There must be some message that contains the relevant portion of the log declared by each other shard. If that shard is offline, so it cannot declare its transactions at all, how does the system continue? This absence is one step back from the one you are discussing.
If a shard’s leader is offline, a new leader must be elected before its slot comes around for processing - and until this happens all transactions in later slots must wait, as it might have declared a transaction that interferes with those a later slot would declare.
If no leader can be elected (because a majority of replicas are offline) then the entire log stops, no?