I don't know what it is, but from the article it appears to be a secondary device (Meshtastic) you pair with your iPhone/Android phone via Bluetooth. This secondary device has the giant Lithium cells and microcontroller with the LoRa antenna setup.
Some software package on the phone, perhaps a messaging like app, sends message data (AES encrypted) between your phone and the Meshtastic device. The Meshtastic device somehow knows which other Meshtastic devices to send/receive from?
Feels like the phone shouldn't even be needed is a simple LCD display and tiny keyboard were added to the Meshtastic? (And I suppose the en(de)cryption would have to be done on the device now.