* You stay at the same company
* They are happy to pay above market rates and keep giving you raises even if you are paid over market rates.
This would be the exception, and probably for some real specialist stuff.
If I get a 10% raise today, it will have no impact on my 2030 salary. Getting more stock might be a different thing if you are very lucky and the ducks line up.
Higher salaries will get disclosed more, because if I get an offer below my current salary, then I can disclose and at the very least get a match or refuse the offer. At a lower salary, there is a higher probability that the offer is higher, and my current salary does not matter.
I believe that people more rarely accept a downgrade in salary, so the probably of acceptance is also conditioned on the current salary. What this means is that the effect is biased and probably non-linear, but I wouldn't qualify it as non effect.