Absolutely they should, as without knowing what a byte is there is little chance someone would know how data is represented in computer systems.
I think that this kind of thing will become too low level for most developers and it'll become speciality knowledge. I'd say that most developers I've met have been content to sit and plug one package into another, without too much care about how they work.
Just to confirm: I believe people should know how computers work from an architectural stand point.
https://www.joelonsoftware.com/2002/11/11/the-law-of-leaky-a...
Someone who has only attended a bootcamp cannot really be considered a 'professional software dev'...
In fact, IMHO a professional software dev will be reasonably proficient in binary and powers of two in general as a matter of basic knowledge.