The only solution to this problem I'm aware of is developing/becoming a part of a community of people you trust. Of course, that's hard and comes with plenty of limitations.
Lastly, please don't get your expectations up. This is a hugely unsolved problem on lichess and the history of its and chesscom's efforts do not inspire confidence. I noticed this repo has no updates in the past three years, during which lichess has maintained its reputation of having tons of cheaters. Chesscom has a team and probably more tools (proprietary, larger company, etc.) but the best case scenario still involves cheaters getting several games in, wasting your time along the way.
Having now played nearly 2000 games on Lichess, I'm pretty happy with their ability to weed out cheaters. I've very rarely had cause to suspect my opponent wasn't playing fair. Maybe once or twice someone with a lower ranking than me seemed to be a bit too good --but then we all have our flashes of inspiration, as well as our off days.
However, on a couple of occasions, I've logged onto the site to see a notification that I've had some ranking points restored, as a previous opponent had cheated. But, unfortunately, Lichess doesn't tell you which opponent or which game, so I'm still none the wiser.
PS: Agree with you about the people who run the clock down, when they're losing. Really annoying. When this happens, I usually switch to another browser tab and read intarwebs instead, switching back to the Lichess tab every 5 mins or so, to see if they've made a move yet.
Yeah, unless you want to play a longer game than a 5 minute blitz.
The rating of a player will reflect their strength, regardless of whether they are an unaided human, a full computer, or a human with some heuristic to consult an engine. Whatever the player is doing, their rating will reflect their average strength, and the website matches us to players of similar rating. Whether or not a player is pure human, pure engine, or centaur, we get matched to a player that we have a roughly even chance of beating.
Pure cheaters will quickly skyrocket to the top of the ratings and I will never see them. Hybrid cheaters, who do not have a perfect rating, have a probability of losing because their heuristic to switch to an engine is imperfect, and their rating reflects this imperfection.
Whatever the player is doing, their numeric rating reflects their average strength, and if you have a similar rating you have roughly even chances of beating them.
This is like boxing in the lightweight division, but your opponent can, at will, use Mike Tyson in his prime to hit you in the face.
Unless they cheat in unrated games, or discard their account and create another before the rating ascends too high (not necessarily for that purpose, but to avoid detection).