It was certainly the first big framework to do it. The phrase at the time was "isomorphic javascript" - i.e. javascript that could run the same on server and client.

While today I might re-use _some_ code, like helpers or TypeScript types for API responses, by and large I feel like that dream is unrealized and probably a never great dream in the first place. In practice there just weren't a ton of wins from doing so, as there were not many cases where you needed the same code in frontend and backend.