So, of course you can, I've written every application that now exist on Uxn, in C prior to porting them. There was a moment when I was quite convinced that C was a good candidate for what we wanted to do.
For example, equivalent programs:
C version: https://git.sr.ht/~rabbits/orca-toy/tree/main/item/etc/orca....
Uxn version: https://git.sr.ht/~rabbits/orca-toy/tree/main/item/src/orca....
Compiling Orca C(SDL on Pi), is about 10x~ slower, more battery hungry, (and also for some reason, very upsetting to ASAN), than building C(libdraw on Pi), which is itself about 50x slower and battery hungry than building the Uxn version.
I can compile little C cli tools on the Pi just fine, that's not the issue, building x11 or SDL applications with debug flags is another story. I much rather be assembling uxn roms in this case. I wrote a few cc65 compiled applications prior to building uxn as an alternative, but that was a non-starter on ARM.