add_numbers() doesn't need ownership of the data, so you would never give it ownership of the data. If you happen to have the data in a reference-counted type you would get the data from it (https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memry/unique_ptr/get / https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/shared_ptr/get), and pass it to add_numbers(). The data would still be guaranteed to exist because the caller of add_numbers() is going to hold a reference at least until add_numbers() returns.
The best we could expect from this example is for the C++ compiler to deduce that the shared_ptr is irrelevant because the callee has internal linkage.