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lightning is a reimplementation of a part of visa, caching for response time and still recording on a blockchain, no?

It's an alternative payment network, implemented as a bitcoin layer 2. You can argue that it's somewhat centralized, but not as much as Visa.

No, that is not how lightning works.

How is it essentially different?

Visa transactions can be reversed, Lightning transactions can not.

Bit a of an apple to oranges comparison anyways but that's the biggest difference.