A simple rule:
Minimum font size >= Age of oldest attendee
Just like native apps do...?
It does have a default Page Zoom setting and it will remember Page Zoom changes per-domain (e.g. I have this site set to 115%).
There is a way for web sites to make use of iOS's Dynamic Type setting [0] to make text larger, but it's up to each site's author to include the requisite values in their CSS.
[0] https://www.interactiveaccessibility.com/blog/text-resizing-...
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_...
Browsers are native apps, so they already do that for websites.