The downweighting in the case of ushakov's comment wasn't done by a mod. It was done by a regular user who, along with a small number of other longstanding HN users, has the ability to downweight subthreads that are either too generic or offtopic. This is an experiment that we've been running for several months now. Actually the experiment has been quite successful—this sort of downweighting is the probably highest-leverage thing we've ever discovered for improving thread quality, and I'd like to find a way to extend the experiment to more users.
IIRC, the downweight was correct in principle, because the subthread wasn't about the particular story, it was just a generic complaint about the general topic. We want those downweighted because, regardless of topic, they have a strong tendency to sit at the top of a thread, accumulating upvotes and choking out more specific and more interesting discussion.
It was a mistake to downweight it, though—not because the subthread was good, but because the topic was a YC startup. By far the most important rule of HN moderation is that we intervene less, not more, when YC or a YC startup is the topic (https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...).
The user who did the downweighting didn't know that Fig was a YC startup, so it was an honest mistake. Certainly none of this has to do with trying to suppress criticism of YC or YC-funded companies. We know how to take our lumps and do so all the time. We also know that community good will is the only value that HN actually has, so doing anything to jeopardize that would be really dumb.