You want to create a web browser from the ground up and C was a massive hurdle for you?
Oh boy.
Oh boy.
Xlib is very low level.
Changing languages won't solve the problem. E.g. if you have Rust or Go bindings for Xlib, Xlib is still Xlib.
There are a lot of requirements going into a browser. Think about, oh, rendering HTML + CSS: the whole ultra-complicated model. Fonts. Javascript engine. Handling a myriad image formats. Video. TLS security. Javascript engine!
Xlib is the least of your problems.