WHO recently tightened PM2.5 guidance closer to zero and all the evidence so far is that the more we learn about PM1 and finer pollution, the more horrifying the health effects.
How is Airdog any different?
I don’t know input HEPA production, but if you throw them into household trash here in Germany they simply get burned.
The problem with HEPA filters are the destruction of resources to make them, the bad controls of their quality and their short lifespan (Cheap home HEPA filter needs exchanging every 3 months) and their high price (>30€).
[0] https://sharphome.eu/en/sharp/airpurifierhumidifier/en-kc-a5...
HEPA purifiers aren't trash, they are simply producing trash. For me that is a lesser evil to producing potentially dangerous chemicals in my home. Just like I accept using FFP2-masks that aren't reusable in contrast to cloth masks used at the start of the pandemic. There are other places where saving trash is has less negative impact than health products.