SLI: Some metric you use to measure a thing (e.g. uptime, latency, etc.)
SLO: Some objective you try to hit, as measured by the SLI (e.g. "99.99% of requests are processed within 3 seconds)
SLA: A promise to a customer that they will meet some SLO, and consequences if they don't. If there aren't consequences for not meeting the SLO, then measuring and tracking the metrics is a pointless exercise.
The SLA is "real" to the extent Atlassian is adhering to any listed consequences.