Comment by runarberg | Hacker News Reader

Comment by runarberg | Hacker News Reader

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> It sounds like you're just saying that IQ is overhyped

Yes. That pretty much summarizes it. If IQ doesn’t further our knowledge of human behavior nor the human mind it is at best a useless construct. We have other more targeted measures (such as SAT) which are easier and cheaper to administer, and are far more useful in both models and evaluations/diagnostics. GDP has the benefit here of being extremely easy to measure and is therefor useful in more general models. IQ doesn’t have this quality, so that is not why most people use it.

Now if that was the only problem with IQ I wouldn’t be so bothered by it. Scientist are allowed to use an inefficient means of measuring their constructs. However IQ advocates often have a vested interest in an IQ that is immutable and (to some degree) heritable. This is often assumed to be true and IQ tests are later fixed in order to make them more robust in score against subsequent trails. This—off course—is circular reasoning (or a self fulfilling prophecy) and is not good science. But it is still used to explain group differences. This is where using IQ becomes scientifically invalid.

Now without the claim of immutability and heritability this wouldn’t matter. We would see a group difference and then we could then go on and try to explain it (e.g. within the context of sociology). However with immutability and heritability, you don’t have to explain it further. The answer is in psychology and genetics. (This is by the way the basis for scientific racism mentioned before).

> If IQ doesn’t further our knowledge of human behavior nor the human mind it is at best a useless construct.

I mean, I think it does further our knowledge of these things, but even if it didn't, that wouldn't make it useless, because it still predicts things we care about pretty well.

> GDP has the benefit here of being extremely easy to measure... IQ doesn’t have this quality

Which measures of intelligence do you think are easier to measure than IQ? You mention the SAT positively below, which is very similar to an IQ test.

> IQ advocates often have a vested interest in an IQ that is immutable and (to some degree) heritable. This is often assumed to be true...

I mean, every researcher would say that it's only immutable and heritable to a degree, and there's tons of research quantifying the degree of mutability and heritability (e.g. twin studies, admixture studies).

> But it is still used to explain group differences. This is where using IQ becomes scientifically invalid.

Is there a specific claim you have in mind that you consider invalid? Can you give me an example of an explanation of group differences that you would consider scientifically valid?

> with immutability and heritability, you don’t have to explain it further. The answer is in psychology and genetics.

Are you saying these claims happen to be false, or that they're categorically impossible / bad explanations? Is there any aspect of human behavior that you think can be explained by psychology or genetics?

> Is there a specific claim you have in mind that you consider invalid? Can you give me an example of an explanation of group differences that you would consider scientifically valid?

Yes. The Bell Curve by Richard J. Herrnstein, Charles Murray (1994). I’m currently having a debate about it in another thread. It uses these assumptions about IQ and the demonstrates group difference with flawed studies, which it then goes on to justify conservative policies.

An example of valid—albeit trivial—group difference on the is height difference across genders. A more interesting group difference is how a mock jury is less likely to convict a minority group if a member of that minority is present in the jury. Then of course the field of medicine has many examples of interesting group difference based on genetics. However as a species we humans are remarkably homogeneous so if you find a group difference in behavior based on genetics it will most likely have an extremely small effect size, and as such be of limited interest. At best this is where IQ research falls in.

> There's tons of research quantifying the degree of mutability and heritability (e.g. twin studies, admixture studies).

These are still up for debate and not without bias. The original twin studies by C. Burt were likely falsified (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril_Burt#%22The_Burt_Affair%...) later efforts of reproducing the results are not without controversies either. And even if you look beyond these controversies there is an inherent bias as adopted twins are way more likely to be adopted within the same socio-economic group, adjusting for that is really tough. I’m not aware of any admixture study which explains a significant group difference in behavior, so I can’t comment on this. But I’ll leave this quote from Wikipedia instead (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_intelligence#Racial_a...):

> Reviewing the evidence from admixture studies Hunt (2010) considers it to be inconclusive because of too many uncontrolled variables. Mackintosh (2011, p. 338) quotes a statement by Nisbett (2009) to the effect that admixture studies have not provided a shred of evidence in favor of a genetic basis for the IQ gap.

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