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I just learned a new programming language yesterday in an hour: Svelte. It's just a tiny superset of JS/HTML/CSS, but I learned it and have already produced working web application faster than with Vue / React, and it's a perfect hobby language for me to play with, and a perfect example of why new languages can still give something extra in return. I just link to the tutorial, because it's so well done:

https://svelte.dev/tutorial/basics

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Interesting. I don't think I've ever considered Svelte a "language" in the sense it's being used in this article. More like a compiler or maybe framework written in Typescript, which is a superset of JavaScript. I only say this because I'm not sure I'd experience the same cross-language interference with syntax and semantics described here. Not an expert, but isn't it just compiled HTML/CSS/JS with some custom components and templates?

Sure, of course there's much less change, but it's a very deliberate choice of the developer. It was much harder to keep the changes minimal than to write a new much more complex language (like Elm). Coffeescript was a similar great improvement JS that felt so natural that ES6 took a lot of the great parts of it.

C++ is treated as a separate language from C, but it just started as C with objects.

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