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I’ve tried three times to write why I think this is, and each time I get lost in my reasoning. Alas, I’ve been on mobile for this whole thread and I don’t have any more brain cells to try to code like this tonight lol

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It's because `f = new Number(0)` is a boxed number (therefore it's an object), and `!f` calls ToBoolean on this object which unconditionally returns true (https://tc39.es/ecma262/#table-toboolean-conversions). `!-f` first applies unary minus, which first performs a ToNumber on the f object (which returns unboxed 0), that's negated to -0, and then ToBoolean of -0 is false.