At the high level that this is presenting, there really hasn't been any progress in computer architecture. That's not to say that there hasn't been any improvements going on, but the improvements are more like "branch prediction is X% better" [1] or "we can issue an additional instruction per cycle", which don't have a major impact on the overall story presented here.
Nor have any alternative architectures really demonstrated themselves to be competitive. GPGPU programming has become a lot more salient, but GPGPU itself is largely the standard CPU programming model with speculative execution logic tuned way down and SMT and SIMD tuned way up (both of which would have been facets of modern hardware even at the time of this presentation). FPGAs have been "the next big thing" for, gosh, 30 years now, but they've remained relegated to niche roles.
[1] Indirect branch prediction in particular has progressed a lot even in the past decade.