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> it has been difficult to establish whether alcohol directly causes cancer, or if it is linked to possible confounding factors (such as smoking and diet) that could generate biased results.

> It was also unclear whether alcohol is linked to other types of cancer, including lung and stomach cancers.

If smoking was a confounding variable, shouldn't we see an increased risk of smoking-related cancers?

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I’m not sure if you’re being sarcastic or not, but we certainly do see an increase in lung cancer among people who smoke regularly.

He was saying that there should be an increased % of smoking-related cancers among people who drink, due to smoking smoking being a confounding factor when trying to determine causality with alcohol-related cancers.

I.e. People who drink, smoke.

Aren't lung cancer patient chances of having it on the order of 1000x to 1 as far a smoker vs who has never smoked?

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