Why would you not need to show it’s safe? A new mRNA vaccine would be introducing different mRNA, which produces new antigen proteins and elicits a different immune response.
Anyway, how do they know the usual but new seasonal flu vaccine is safe ? Can't the same framework apply ?
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/vaccines-work/effectivenessqa.htm
Manufacturers guess which flu strain will predominate and start working 9-12 months early to capture the data for approval.
There is no way a new Covid mRNA vaccine will be approved with safety and efficacy data from a clinical trial. That will be take months to complete.
You meant 'without', right?