The classic, now quiet dated citation, is "An empirical comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl" by Lutz Prechelt.
Recent-ish commentary (July 2021) about it at https://renato.athaydes.com/posts/revisiting-prechelt-paper-... , HN commentary at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28108806 .
Google Scholar gives about 476 paper which cite Prechelt's work. I have not followed other work in that field.