Supporting more range of color depth means that the raw output of the sensor is necessarily bigger. This means we have some range of tradeoffs to make in the camera:
* Save the sensor output directly as a RAW image onto storage. This means your storage medium can store fewer photos. You're also now beholden to the speed of your storage. Specialty photography like wildlife and sports impose requirements like being able to take lots of pictures per second; cameras solve this by having large memory buffers. Slow storage means the buffer fills up quicker.
* Compress your RAW images with lossless algorithms. These do a decent job, but they still result in big files on storage media. Same problems as earlier point. Need quite a bit of memory and CPU on the camera to deal with this, and plus this now competes with how many shots per second you can buffer.
* Compress your images with lossy algorithms (output RAW or JPEGs). Pretty much unacceptable since you don't get to decide what detail the algorithm removes.
Of course, this also imposes hardware demands on the photographer's computer. Big images require:
* Lots of storage. Maybe time to pay for a lot of cloud storage?
* Fast storage too because otherwise Lightroom takes forever to load an image
* Lots of RAM so that Lightroom can cache more images at once so you can flip back and forth with more ease.
* Fast RAM and CPU so that Lightroom can do adjustments without much lag (some of this can be offloaded to GPU, but it's not a drastic improvement).
Now, I think these problems are solvable today. They just require obscene amounts of money.
I do want to add, RAW images by today's consumer-level cameras do support a fairly wide dynamic range. A skilled photographer will know how to work with RAW files to bring out details from the extreme ends of the range (e.g. dark skin against a bright background). But it does require setting up the shot well, and one can only capture so much range (e.g. I have a few bird pictures where part of the bird is still totally blown out and unrecoverable because of sunlight).