And on that topic, git branches are case sensitive but windows filesystem API isn't. Git branches are materialized on the filesystem as files and directories.
It can be enabled on a per-directory basis like so:
> fsutil.exe file setCaseSensitiveInfo C:\folder enable
NTFS had support for this for decades now - it was designed that way to be POSIX-compliant.
It's shoddy software that lacks support for it, not the OS or the file system.
The linux kernel is one of the offenders, if you check it out on Windows or macOS (which supports CS but remains CI by default) you'll immediately get garbage in netfilter, because it's an habitual user of having different files with names identical but for the casing e.g. xt_TCPMSS.h and xt_tcpmss.h.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-...