Not American, but from what I understand you would need an ID for e.g. foods stamps and unemployment benefits (searched via Google). I think the same is true when you are hired for a new job as well(?). These are just examples. Can you really live a normal life in the US without a passport, driver's license or State ID?
I have read many times that requiring an ID card to vote in the US is seen by many as undemocratic as certain demographics are hindered from voting. To me this is absurd. To create trust that elections are held without fraud, IDs are an essential building block.