(”Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review” by Shivika Sharma, Subhankar Chatterjee; Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24 (27), 21530-21547, 2017)
”In all biological systems, microplastic exposure may cause particle toxicity, with oxidative stress, inflammatory lesions and increased uptake or translocation. The inability of the immune system to remove synthetic particles may lead to chronic inflammation and increase risk of neoplasia. Furthermore, microplastics may release their constituents, adsorbed contaminants and pathogenic organisms.”
(”Environmental exposure to microplastics: An overview on possible human health effects” by Joana Correia Prata, João P da Costa, Isabel Lopes, Armando C Duarte, Teresa Rocha-Santos; Science of the Total Environment 702, 134455, 2020)