Tax carbon. Use cross border tariffs to prevent offshoring emissions. People will then make the economically rational decision to use public transportation, buy EVs, put solar on the roof, insulate their homes, buy heat pumps, and eat less meat.
Will people redefine what carbon is; who will suffer, how many people will lose jobs due to electrification of many industries (auto MFG for one, the UFW, is concerned). What happens to the third world where they use charcoal for cooking?
I think there is much more to be thought out.
Yes. It will become a political football because of its immense power to economically marginalize wide swaths of society.
Individuals are still incentivised to make climate friendly consumption choices, but on net the population is no worse off financially.