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That wasn’t the average lifespan of people who reached adulthood. Infant mortality was simply higher.

It wasn't much better if you reached adulthood. Seems like mid-forties up to the 1400s, and early fifties up to 1600s, for the nobility in England. So, you know, not the people getting on those boats probably.

I think the mortality rate for teens and adults was something like 3-4 times higher than today. People also lived through epidemics that would cull 5-10% of the population every 20-30 years.

Also my grandmother mentioned that when she was young girl just a 100 years ago old people were absolutely broken. Today a lot of people spend their sixties and seventies in very good health.

Also I remember reading about grave site on a bluff in California that was eroding away. Contained the graves of sailors that died when a ship sank in the 1880's. Before reburying them higher up on the bluff they looked over their bones. They weren't in very good health despite being in their 20-40s.

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