Similarly, homebrew on the PSP exploited libjpeg or libtiff, so this is one of those vectors that we're still dealing with 16 years later.

There was a developer who discovered a bug with the XML parser, and wrote a whole blog post about how he was able to cause iOS's security system to malfunction using a specially-crafted XML permissions file and allow his app to do anything he wanted, even escape the sandbox. He kept it secret for years for his private experimentation until Apple patched it by accident, by adding a 5th XML parser to the other 4 for some reason and using that one instead for the permissions.