They have had a similar feature since iPhoto in maybe 2010, but it has only been on the phone since recently.
I reference photos of people I know all the time as well as use photos to track wiring of projects I work on, etc.
The same infrastructure allows searching for all kinds of different objects as well, which is pretty cool.
Especially interesting to me is to search for “art”. It shows things I’ve tagged, as well as what the model calls art which is often actual art (I’m an artist among other things) but sometimes is weird photo angles and interesting color schemes.
I think it has decent taste, even.
I’m pretty sure this blog article is just about one specific feature. I suspect that they use ML for other things in iOS but for clarity may have focused on one thing here.