I don't think so. Once a function is compiled, it basically becomes a black box with a type signature so unless sleeping in a function affects its signature, that information is erased. If you pass in some kind of a sleep token that has to be used to sleep, then yeah I think you could enforce it by only being able to get that token in a non-atomic context and making it leak proof.

The Cortex-M crate does something similar, but for proving that you are in an atomic context. Another function that expects a CriticalSection type is then assured that it's running without interrupts enabled. The type itself is zero sized so it's completely optimized away.

https://github.com/rust-embedded/cortex-m/blob/master/src/in...