The cancers that are treated successfully in children are the blood borne ones (mostly leukemias) and generally because they’re easier to wipe out and replace the marrow with. Some Childhood brain tumours are also very successfully treated, and most other adult cancers children don’t get. Sarcomas still kill people left right and centre though.
The truth is that we’re already peeking out of the dark ages of chemotherapy. Immunothérapies have revolutionised the field and new stuff coming online is incredible. When I started medical school 11 years ago the 5 year survival of metastatic melanoma was close to 0%. It’s now close to the population average (well, not really, but it’s greater than 50%). Records are being smashed