Arguably, without EMPRESS, the crack would have taken a lot longer.
Doom Eternal & Metro Exodus – https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-05-29-denuvo-sec...
Monster Hunter World – https://www.vg247.com/2021/06/03/monster-hunter-world-denuvo...
Mass Effect Legendary Edition – https://www.nme.com/news/gaming-news/mass-effect-legendary-e...
Nier Automata – https://www.nme.com/news/gaming-news/nier-automata-update-re...
Taken literally, that's all of ~60 additional copies sold!
2. People who want to play the game immediately and can’t wait, but will download it for free if they can
3. People who want to play it but are happy to wait for a sale
4. People who will never buy the game, but will play a cracked version
Group 2 is pretty huge, and includes age groups who care a lot about cosmetic items online (teenagers-20s)
meaningful online service is the only thing that drives me to buy AAA games now and days, and most don't even have that.
Steam is a great thing for anti-piracy; 99% of the time it works without any friction and is faster/safer than piracy.
On the other hand I've only played the original Call of Duty and BF1942, and have neither paid for nor pirated any of the sequels of either. Frankly most AAA games actually really suck.
The only game I pirated in the last 10 or so years was Metro Exodus because it was removed from the Steam store just before launch.
I waited until I could buy it for ridiculously dirt cheap on sale (literally a tiny fraction of full asking price) because their actions at launch destroyed my willingness to pay full price. Had they done things differently, they easily could have had me as a happy full price purchaser.