If you run Android, turn off "high location accuracy". It uses all of these features.
They could probably compel Google to make the UI not reflect what the phone actually does.
To be clear, when I am asking this, the phone has access to my location data and everything else it asks for.
Could you elaborate? Get GPS how?
Many phones manufactured after 2005 have GPS receivers built in. When the cellular phone detects that the user is placing an emergency call, it begins to transmit its location to a secure server, from which the PSAP can retrieve it. Cellphone manufacturers may program the phone to automatically enable GPS functionality (if disabled) when an emergency call is placed, so that it may transmit its location.
I believe they can then call the carrier to ping the phone to report location. Typically that happens if the dispatcher has reason to believe there is a emergency situation and the call drops.
I think the phone will notify you of this. At least it did many years ago when I called 911 for a car accident on the highway.