Can OpenStreetMap or someone make non-authoritative maps, or is this impossible without the cooperation of people on the ground who cannot operate safely within the borders of China?
Private, independent geographical surveying is illegal in China. [0] So technically you can't do it even in the local coordinate system.
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restrictions_on_geographic_dat...
But OSM actually doesn’t use that system! They use the normal coordinate system, which makes them unique across mapping services (and also a good tool to use to RE geojson away from chinas system).