This information has been captured, stored, and made available for analysis since at least the early 00s. I remember the first time I hooked up VAGCOM to my 03 VW, it has data from so many sensors available for the tech to look up and could turn on and off hundreds of different features, it was like going into the VW equivalent of chrome://flags. And this was in a 2003 car!
You'd probably have to go back to pre-ODBII days (mandated in 1996 for the US) to really get away from this. In my experience (which is not comprehensive) 90s cars tended to keep telemetry mostly on engine performance (timing advance, cam/crank sensor positions, throttle position, etc).
On the other hand, the MIB or stereo, has a lot more interesting stuff: contact lists, GPS data, media, bluetooth devices, and even Wifi. The clock is GPS synced and it logs every time you touch the console: change radio, enter POI, phone calls.
And you can stick one of the new Carplay headunits into any old pre-OBDII car and now enjoy the same level of surveillance. Sony, Kenwood, JVC are all running QNX or Linux . And all of them just has a plethora of information behind some very basic security.
Assuming that includes wheel speed (and possibly tire pressure) and steering wheel angles, yes, that can be used to compromise where you went (via dead reckoning from your driveway or parking spot).
There's a lot of sensors and flags, but it isn't really logged anywhere in significant amounts. It just stores log of occurred errors, and dump of selected module parameters at the moment of error entry.
says "iVe currently supports BMW, Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Chrysler, Dodge, Fiat, Ford, GMC Hummer, Jeep, Lincoln, Maserati, Mercury, Pontiac, Ram, Saturn, Seat, Skoda, SRT, Toyota and Volkswagen vehicles generally as far back as 2008 models" - so older might be better :)
Obviously a person could pick a car of a given year/model that meets their needs and rebuild it forever, at least until the government or (once again) the insurance companies regulate you out of it. It's for the children after all.
I no longer have to subsidize heavy drivers, and my rates are much lower as a result. I can always check the location of my car (in case of theft or forgetfulness) and there are other smaller benefits like diagnostics being pushed to my phone. As a bonus, they allow you to change your policy at any time, enabling me to opt in and out of comprehensive and collision based on the time of year.