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They also pay billions (almost $5 billion in FY 2020) in "royalties" back to the US parent company.

So while Amazon Europe may report a loss in Europe, it certainly makes a lot of profit for Amazon Inc. (It's also helpful that foreign royalty income qualifies for a discount under US tax rules!)

Yes, but it isn't clear why they didn't make profits. Ikea locations also usually don't make a profit - because they have to pay "license fees" to the mothership registered in a tax haven.

Many people made loss last year and still have to pay. Argument is essentially "I should not pay any taxes, because I spend all my income on house renovation".

The argument is the law allows for deducting of business expenses. The law does not allow for deducting of house renovation expenses for personal taxes.