You don't need any specific software to be able to use two-factor authentication, it works nicely for me in any Linux distro I've tried and also Windows Mobile 6.1 (yes I know)

The software might make it easier than receiving an sms which needs typing in, but all your mobile applications can still use the system - you just generate a new pasword for each application (as you would for a Google Talk client on your desktop).

My laptop has encrypted hard disks so is set to remember Google passwords for 30 days. I can login from other devices using my pasword and an sms validation code which expires as soon as I log out.